Grid and layout

What is the Grid?

The Grid is the next step in exploiting networked computer power. Currently the Internet and World Wide Web allow us to share information and transfer data quickly and easily around the world. In the future the Grid will let us share computer processing power, software packages and data storage space.

The Grid has many applications, but its first major application will be to allow researchers at CERN to share global computing power to manage and process the huge quantities of data that will be produced by the LHC.  By linking desk top computers in a global network, managed by so-called middleware, the Grid brings supercomputing power to desk tops.

Through the organisation GridPP (Particle Physics Grid) the UK has a significant role in developing Grid computing and several GridPP computer ‘farms’ are located around the UK in University departments.

In computing, layout is the process of calculating the position of objects in space subject to various constraints. This functionality can be part of an application or packaged as a reusable component or library.

Examples

Page layout is the computation of the position of the paragraphs, sentences, words and letters of a text. This is done by desktop publishing software, typesetting software and web browser engines. These in turn include font layout and rendering engines, that calculate the correct position of glyphs, which can be a challenge with complex scripts. Images can also be embedded in the text.

Another form of layout is found in layout managers. They are part of widget toolkits and have the ability to automatically calculate a widget's position based on alignment constraints without the need for the programmer to specify absolute coordinates.

Graph drawing software automatically determine the position of the vertexes and edges of a graph with various goals like minimization of the number of edge intersections, minimization of total area or production of an aesthetically pleasing result. This type of software is 

Animation

Story

                                                               Cat without shoe

Perhaps you heard the story of "Puss in Boots". Puss in Boots was praised by people because he help his master, and his master handed luck.

Since then, many cat imitate the cat wearing boots of various colors. They also compared with each other, to see who's boots more beautiful, more stylish.

There is an amber-colored kitten, called fields cats.

How such a strange name?

It turned out that this is a small orphan cat, he lost his parents when he was born  and he lives alone.however this Wildcat is very brave, and he lived alone in the fields. So people called him field cat and he liked the name.

He run in the grass of blooming wildflowers, fishing in a small river, he also loves to climb the tree to sing good songs and to listen to the leaves in the wind.

the small wildcat sometimes love to go to the city and walk around.

However, each time the field cat go to city will be bullied by the town dressed, Puss in Boots bullying. Those cats ridicule he had no money to buy boots and only barefoot. Also kicking his feet use wearing boots, step on him. This make the small field cat very angry.

Of course, not all cats did like that, some cats in  the city can not afford to buy boots, they all love to make friends with wildcat.

One day, field cat walk in the lush grass weeds, he suddenly think about why I do not use these weeds make a pairs of shoes for him self ?

Field cat use long grass woven into a pair of sandals, and woven many beautiful wildflowers into it. All the cats in town are envy of his so beautiful sandals, and there is a scent.

Puss in Boots took off their boots, and follow the field cat, they all want exchange fields cat's sandals use their own noble boots.

Fields cats do not see these boots, he said: I do not like those clunky boots, and I love my beautiful sandals!

All the cats in town around the the field cat, and very envious field cat has a pair of fancy cute shoes.

"Come on" field cat say to his bare feet partners: "Please come with me go to the field up, I send each of you a nice pair of shoes.

These cat and went to the field follow the field cat. Field cat compiled a small pair of sandals for each of cat, and he said: "happy rely on our own to create!"

Group of cats wearing the sandal called "field cat shoes"walking in the city.

From then on, the field cat shoes became the city's most popular shoes.

American culture

Introduction

American culture is one of the Western culture, it started to emergence and development before the United States independence. The greatest impact on American culture, is British culture, such as the widespread use of the English language, legal system.Other large cultural impact on American culture including Irish culture, German culture, Polish culture, Italian culture, Native American culture and the culture of Africa (especially West Africa). United States has always been considered to be a cultural gathering place. When we start to research American culture we need to look at the following subjects:

Diet

American Dietetic quite single, including hamburgers, fries, salads, soft drinks, and generally no cooking skills, and not much nutrition. However, the United States also introduced some foreign cuisine, it make American food is full of attractive.American diet depends on the place of residence and cultural background. Sometimes there will be the "Americanization" of foreign foods, such as American Chinese dishes. Only recently immigrated to the United States usually diet similar to their country.

Sports

The three major U.S. sports: baseball, football, and basketball. In addition to the "big three" sports, Americans also do a lot of other sports. On hot days, they like water sports. In winter, the athletes also play in the snow. Whatever the weather, people are like in indoor sports. The pelota, weightlifting and bowling are year-round activities. For many Americans, sports are not just for fun. It has almost become a religion, thousands of sports fans to witness their favorite teams or athletes race buy expensive tickets. Other fans waited at home, glued to watching televised. Those most enthusiastic sports fan never miss a game.

Music

American music encompasses hiphop + rap, R & B + soul, pop rock & roll  American country music, Latin music, Disco jockey punk, Funk Music CRunk & B, Gothic, home, jazz, metal, alternative, raggae and classical.

The United States has leading the world in the art of music, artistic achievement and the development. After baptism of popular music, mainstream American music and non-mainstream music is loved by fans around the world. Today, American music across the territory become the choice for music fans worldwide.

Erik  20:29:21

Movie

The American movie has a far-reaching impact on the history of world movie industry. The history of the American film industry can be divided into four main stages: the silent films, classic Hollywood period, the New Hollywood period and contemporary film (after 1980).

Since the 1920s, the profitability of the American film industry is the highest in the world, especially, Hollywood, it is one of the best movies geographical, relative to the global film industry, Hollywood focus on efficient, such as large areas of production, contracted system operationway, high-concept (high concept) aesthetic style, as well as film-related industries and manufacturers of highly concentrated industry clusters, all of this making today's Hollywood has been called "the world center of the film industry".

Architecture

One of the contributions of American architecture as skyscrapers. Those bold straight lines become it capitalists energy flag. New construction techniques and the invention of the elevator to bring new possibilities. Stands in Chicago, Illinois, the city's first skyscraper in 1884.

Louis Sullivan (1856 -1924), a great American modern architect, he designed some of the most beautiful skyscrapers. His most talented students is frank Frank Lloyd Wright, he design private residential and furniture configuration and generous use of open spaces as his career. One of his best-known building, surely is the most open one is the Guggenheim Museum in New York. European architects in the United States-led international style architecture. Perhaps the most influential immigrant is Mies van de Luo. Younger American architects such as Michael Keefe oppose serious, post-modern building with striking contours boxy appearance and implied bold decoration of the historical architectural style.

literature

Early American literature is derived from the style of European literature. Washington Irving's masterpiece "Rip Van Winkle" and "Sleeping Valley legend" imitation of the Gothic Novel in England.

United States first achieved remarkable achievements in the field of fiction is Edgar Allan Poe (1809-1849), in 1835 he started to creation short story, whose works include "Red Death"the pit And The pendulum, "" decadent house and "Mo Erge Street homicide." His creative touches predecessors rarely involved in the field of psychology, and mystery, fantasy elements into novel writing.

Twain (real name Samuel Clemens,1835-1910) is the first important writer was born in Missouri, U.S. border instead of the east coast. His representative works include Essays on the Mississippi "and the novel" urchin wandering mind ". Mark Twain's style impacted by journalism, although rooted in the United States, the language is plain, but also with a lot of thought-provoking humor elements.

Education

American education is provided mainly by government, it is control and fund by the federal government, state and local governments (school districts). School District Committee decided in primary and secondary schools, curriculum, funding, teaching, and other policies by local election. School district and other local affairs according to officials and budget usually separately. Educational standards and standardized tests are usually developed by the state government.

Students must be enrolled in school in the United States before the age of 16-18. Many states require that they are attending to 18-year-old. Some states only require must attend to the 14-year-old. Students can enter the public school, private school or home school. Most public and private schools, education is divided into three levels: elementary school, junior high school and high school.

Language

The United States can not be given an official language. English is the de facto national language (21,480 people, 82.1%). Other major languages, Spanish (29.7 million, 10.7%), Cantonese (306 million), French (1.4 million), Tagalog (1.3 million), Portuguese (1.1 million), German (1.1 million), Chinese (850,000). In addition, there are 336 kinds of other languages ​​in the United States to be used, including 176 kinds of local languages.